Description
What is an Array?
An Array is the list of finite number of elements of same data types. For Example: interger, string, float etc.
An Array can be defined as the collection of the sequential memory location.
Syntax of declare the array.
datatype Array_name[size_of_array];
datatype specifies the type of the elements that will be contained in the array, such a int, char, etc. And size_of_array indicates the maximum number of elements that can be stroe in the array.
For Example:
int arr[10];
Here int is the data type and size if 10.
Types of Array.
- One-dimensional Array
- Two-dimensional Array
- Multidimensional Array
One Dimensional Array
An array that is represented in a only one dimension would be a one-dimension Array. One Dimensional array (linear array) is a set of finite numbers of homogenous data elements.
Declaration of one-dimensional Array
type array_name[size_of_array];
For example:
int A[20];
Two-dimensional Array
An array that is represented in two dimension that called the two dimension array.
Declaration of two-dimnesional array
Type array_name[row_size][column_size];
Tow dimensional array are defined in much same manner as one-dimensional array, except that a separate pair of square bracket is required for each subscirpt, Thus, a two-dimensional array will require two pairs of square brackets.
Two-dimensional array as stored in memory, as show
Multidimensional Array
C allows array of three or more dimensions. The exact limit is determined by the compiler. The general form of a mutli-dimensional array is:
Declaration of Multidimensional array
type arr_name[s1][s2][s3][s4]....
Where si is the ith dimension.
For Example: int arr[2][3][4];
Operations on arrays:
The operation performed in linear array.
- Create Array: To create the array.
- Traversal Array: Precessing each elements in the array.
- Search: Finding the element in an array with the given value or given key.
- Insertion: Add a new element in an array.
- Deletion: Delete the existing in ascending or descending order.
- Merging: Combining two array within in single array.
Initialization of one-dimensional arrays
After an array is declared, its elements must be initialized. Otherwise, they will contain the "garbage value". An array can be initialized at either of the following stages:
- Compile time initialization: We can initialize the elements of arrays in the same way as the ordinary variables when they are declared.
- Runtime initialization: An array can be explicitly intialized at runtime. This approach is usually applied for initalizing large arrays.
Initialization of two-dimensional arrays
Two-dimensional arrays may be initialized by following their declaration with a list of initial values enclosed braces. For exampe: int arr[2][3]; initialized the elements of the first row to zero and the second row to one. The initialization is done row by row.
Write a program to implement an array in c programming.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int arr[10];
printf(“Enter the Elements in array : “);
for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
scanf(“%d”, &arr[i]);
}
printf(“Elements in array:”);
for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
printf(“%d”, arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter the Elements in array: 3 4 1 5 6 3 8 9 10 3
Elements in array: 3 4 1 5 6 3 8 9 10 3
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